Download The Assam Tribune Compilation and Current Affairs Analysis from The Hindu and The Indian Express. Important for APSC and UPSC Aspirant. (20 April 2022)
Biofuels, National Biofuels Policy 2018 and various initiatives by the Government of India
Important insights on Various Sources of Water Pollution, Sewage Water, Dissolved Oxygen and Biological Oxygen Demand
International Relations, Mutual Legal Assistance Treating and Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement
Smart Cities Mission and its four Pillars
World Bank and International Monetary Fund:
Practice Question from UPSC Mains 2013: The World Bank and the IMF, collectively known as the Bretton Woods Institutions, are the two inter-governmental pillars supporting the structure of the world’s economic and financial order. Superficially, the World Bank and the IMF exhibit many common characteristics, yet their role, functions and mandate are distinctly different. Elucidate.
World Bank:
- Established: 1944
- Headquarter: Washington, D.C.
- Publications- Global economic prospects, Ease of doing business index
- World Bank Group is comprising of 5 institutions managed by their member countries:
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)– Commonly known as the world bank. It is the single largest provider of development loans
- International Development Association (IDA) – assists the poorest countriesInternational Finance Corporation (IFC) – supports private enterprise in developing countries
- Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) – offers investors insurance against non-commercial risk and help developing country governments attract foreign investment
- International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) – encourages the flow of foreign investment to developing countries through arbitration and conciliation facilities
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- Established: 1944
- Member countries: 190
- Flagship Publications: World Economic Outlook Report, Global Financial Stability Report
- Functions:
- Provides Financial Assistance
- Surveillance: It oversees the international monetary system and monitors the economic and financial policies of its 190 member countries.
- Capacity Development: It provides technical assistance and training to central banks, finance ministries, tax authorities, and other economic institutions and to help the countries make progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
National Green Tribunal and Rat Hole Mining
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